What must the EIS document typically address regarding mitigation?

• A. Identified impacts, proposed mitigation measures, responsible parties, and cost estimates.
• B. Only mitigation measures with no costs.
• C. Impacts and mitigation but no responsible party.
• D. Mitigation measures and monitoring only (no costs).

Answer: (A)

When an EIS outlines mitigation, the goal is to turn analysis into action by connecting each identified impact with concrete steps to avoid, reduce, or compensate for it, and by making sure there is someone who will carry it out and money to pay for it. That means the document should specify the mitigation measures, who is responsible for implementing each measure, and how much it will cost. This combination ensures the plan is achievable, funded, and accountable, not just theoretical.

That’s why the best answer includes identified impacts, proposed mitigation measures, responsible parties, and cost estimates. Without costs, the plan may lack budget and feasibility; without a designated responsible party, accountability is unclear; without a clear link between impacts and measures, nothing ties the mitigation to specific actions. Similarly, including monitoring or other elements without the required cost and responsibility details would leave gaps in enforcement and funding.